Vaporizer for hydrocarbon-engines.



PATENTED SEPT. 19, 1905.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 21, 1903.

g 7 w a J m t l ,3 0 M .H i o H MU l 3 w, 1 i m a a m 2 o m m 6 J M v w4 m A... H m J l INVENTOR:

8 CL S S [L N H W M w WM 5 "Unwrap STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK I. HITCHCOCK, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

VAPORIZER FOR HYDROCARBON-ENGIN ES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1905.

Application filed August 21, 1903. Serial No. 170,256.

whereby the air and fluid supply are properly mixed for all speeds ofthe engine.

Heretofore when Vaporizers have been supplied with anairvalve which whenlifting to admit the air to the vaporizing-chamber also actuated thefluid-supply valve, or, in other words, when the air-inlet controlledthe fluid or gasolene supply it was impossible to obtain a perfectmixture of air and fluid for all speeds, as one or the other would bedeficient. If the air-valve was set for a low speed, it would not liftsufficient to actuate the fluid-valve to admit the required amount offluid to form the proper mixture, and at a high speed there would be ascarcity of air. On the other hand, if the air-valve was set for highspeed there would be too much air for a low speed. Therevfore in orderto maintain the proper mix- 3.

ture at all speeds an auxiliary air-cock located in the suction-supplypipe was an absolute necessity. I overcome these difliculties by meansof a weighted air-valve which is primarily set to admit the airnecessary for the highest speed required, combined with anindependently-operating piston or plunger to operate the fluid-supplyvalve. This plunger is made light, so as to be actuated first, so thatunder a slow speed, where the suction caused by the engine-piston islight, and consequently less fluid is drawn down into thevaporizing-chamber, the plunger will actuate the fluid-supply valvesuflicient to furnish the required amount of fluid to run the engine atthe slowest speed, while the air-valve is weighted proportional to thesuction of the piston, so that when running slow the required amount ofair will be admitted to make the proper mixture at such slow speed. In

other words, the plunger is lifted the same distance for all speeds, andthe amount of fluid drawn down is regulated entirely by the speed of theengine, as the greater the speed the stronger will be the suction, andtherefore the discharge of fluid will be greater at a high speed than-ata low speed. On the disturbing the position of the vaporizer.

other hand, the weighted air-valve is regulated entirely by the suctioninduced by the speed of the engine, so that the amount of air and fluidis automatically admitted to the vaporizing-chamber in proper portionsfor all speeds and under all circumstances.

Another feature of my improved vaporizervalve consists in swiveling theinlet and outlet elbows so that they can be readily set at any anglewith respect to the proper engine connections without disturbing theposition of the vaporizer.

To enable others to understand my invention, reference is had to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents abroken sideelevation, partly in section, of the vaporizer. Fig. '2 is an upper planview of the vaporizer-body with the cap or bonnet removed. Fig. 3 is adetail view of the bonnet carrying the fluid-valve and adjustable stopsfor limiting the upward travel of the air-valve and the plunger foractuating the fluid-valve looking in the direction of arrow at of Fig.1.

The construction and operation are as follows: 1 is the body of thevaporizer; 16, the bonnet. 3 is the air-inlet elbow, having the taperface 3, adapted to make a tight connection with the taper seat 4 in thebody 1. 5 is a retaining-bolt whose threaded end engages a threaded holein the web 6 of the body 1, as shown at Fig. 1. 7 is the outlet-elbow,having the taper face 7*.to engage with the taper seat 8 of the body1,and 9 is its retaining-screw. By this arrangement these elbows can beswiveled on their respective seats so as to make the proper connectionswith the air-inlet pipe and the pipe carrying the mixture to theexplosive chamber of the engine WltllCfilt .Y this construction thevaporizer can be more readily attached and detached without disturbingthe pipe connections.

10 is the air-valve,having the weighted head 10. As shown, this head isintegral with the valve; but it can form a separate part of the same, ifdesired.

10 is the Valve or guide stem, which has a free vertical movement in thehole 11, Fig. 2, extending through the web 6 in the bottom of thevaporizer-body.

11 is the air-port extending through the partition 12, whose area is ofcourse equal to the area in cross-section of the elbow 3.

13 is the piston or plunger operating between the vaporizing-chamber 17and the air- ITO chamber 17, and it aotuates' the fluid-supply valve inthe manner presently to be described. This piston operates freely in thehole 13, Fig. 2, provided in the partition 12, and it has the head 13,adapted to rest on the top of said partition to limit its extremedownward movement. The piston is cupped out on its under side to make itlight enough to respond to the slightest suction of the engine-piston.

14 is the guide-stem for the plunger and,like the guide-stem of theair-valve, operates freely in a hole 1 1, Fig. 2, provided in the web 6,and it also projects without the vaporizer and is made tubular to insurelightness.

15 is an adjusting-screw mounted in a threaded hole of the bonnet 16.The lower end of this screw projects within the vaporizing-chamber 17and directly over the air-valve to limit the upward movement of saidvalve.

18 is a boss integral with the bonnet 16, extending above and below thesame to carry the fluid-supply valve 19 and the adjustingscrew 20 tolimit the upward movement of the plunger 13. The fluid-valve is of theusual construction, having the overlying tensionspring 21 and theadjusting-screw 22.

23 is athreaded hole to receive the fluidsupply pipe, (not shown,) and24 is a small hole in the back wall of the hole 23 for conveying thefluid to the valve 19.

The operation of the devices is as follows: The adjusting-screw 15 isset to limit the upward movement of the air-valve 10 to admit thenecessary amount of air required for the engine when running at fullspeed. The adjusting-screw 20 is set to limit the upward movement of theplunger 13. When, therefore, the plunger strikes against this stopscrew,it will have lifted the fluid-supply valve suflicient to admit thenecessary amount of fluid required for the lowest speed of the engine.The travel of this plunger is constant, always striking against itsstop-screw and lifting the fluid-supply valve 19 the same distance underall speeds of the engine. Therefore the extra quantity of fluid requiredto run above the lowest limit of speed will be drawn down into thevaporizing-chamber through the medium of the suction caused by themovement of the piston of the engine, which suction will of course varywith the speed. It will be understood that there is also a slightsuction when the engine is running at its lowest speed. Therefore theamount of fluid that would naturally be discharged from the fluid-supplyvalve by gravity and the amount drawn out by suction at its lowest speedwill determine the position of the stop-screw 20.

As the stem 14: is amply suflicient to. guide the plunger, the skirtportion of said plunger could, if desired, be dispensed with. This willleave the head portion 13 normally resting over the port in which saidskirt now operates.

The weight of the air-valve is proportioned to the requirement of airnecessary to maintain the proper mixture when running at all speeds, sothat when running at the slowest speed the suction at this point willjust lift the valve from its seat. At the highest speed, as beforementioned, the valve will be carried up by the increased suction againstthe adjustable stop 15 to give a full-open port. In all intermediatespeeds between the highest and the lowest the weighted valve willautomatically maintain a height or opening proportional to therequirements of the engine. The weight of the air-valve is proportionedto the diameter of the engine-cylinder. Therefore the larger thediameter of the cylinder the greater will be the suction, andconsequentlythe valve must be correspondingly weighted.

As the piston-plunger must necessarily have a free vertical movement, itnaturally follows that some air will pass into the vaporizingchamberwhen the piston is lifted to actuate the fluid-supply valve.

From the foregoing description it will readily be seen that my improvedvaporizer is self-regulating under all speeds and requires no auxiliaryair-cock in the suction-supply pipe.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination in a vaporizer having a body portion, avaporizing-chamber, an airinlet port and a fluid-supply valve, of aweighted valve for said port, an adjustable stop set to limit the upwardmovement of the valve to represent a full-open port at high speed, apistonplunger operating between the airchamber and thevaporizing-chamber to actuate the fluid-supply valve, an adjustable stopto limit the upward movement of the plunger, for the purpose set forth.

2. A vaporizer, comprising a body portion having a fluid-supply valve, avaporizingchamber and an air-chamber separated by a partition having anair-port therein, a valve therefor, an adjustable stop set to limit theupward movement of the valve to represent a full-open port, said valvecarrying a weight to regulate the lift of said valve proportionally tothe speed of the engine to which said vaporizer is adapted to beattached, said partition having an opening adjacent to said airport, apiston-plunger operating in said opening between the air-chamber and thevaporizing-chamber to actuate the fluid-supply valve,

"fin adjustable stop to limit the upward movement of said plunger, allcombined and arranged so that the air and fluid supply are automaticallyproportioned to the varying speeds of the engine, for the purpose setforth.

3. A vaporizer, comprising a body portion having an air chamber and avaporizingchamber separated by a partition, said partition having anair-port therein, a valve there- IIO for, said valve having a stem, aWeb central With said air-chamber in which said stem is guided, a cap orbonnet for said body portion carrying an adjnstablestop set to limit theupward movement of said valve to represent a full-open port, said valvecarrying a Weight to regulate its lift for different speeds, saidpartition having an opening adjacent to said air-port, a piston-plungertherefor, which plunger operates between said air-chamber andvaporizing-chamber, said bonnet carrying a fluid-supply valve to beactuated by said

